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« LigandScout 3.1 Overview 1. Help Overview 2. Introduction to LigandScout 2.1 What's New in LigandScout 3? 2.2 Installing and Starting LigandScout 2.3 Visual Semantics 2.4 LigandScout Graphical User Interface 3. File Handling, Data Management and Networking 3.1 Importing and Exporting Files 3.2 Retrieving PDB Complexes Online 3.3 Local and Shared Repository 3.4 Sessions 3.5 Networking 4. LigandScout Perspectives 4.1 Basic User Interface Modules 4.2 Structure-Based Modeling Perspective 4.3 Ligand-Based Modeling Perspective 4.4 Alignment Perspective 4.5 Screening Perspective 5. Introduction to Pharmacophore Modeling 5.1 Pharmacophore Modeling 5.2 Pharmacophore Feature Definitions 5.3 Editing a Pharmacophore Model 6. Structure-Based Pharmacophore Design 6.1 Structure-Based Pharmacophores 6.2 Creating Structure-Based Pharmacophores 7. Pharmacophore Alignment 7.1 Aligning Pharmacophores and Molecules 7.2 Shared Feature Pharmacophore 7.3 Merged Feature Pharmacophore 8. Ligand-Based Pharmacophore Design 8.1 Ligand-Based Pharmacophores 8.2 Creating Ligand-Based Pharmacophores 9. Virtual Screening 9.1 Virtual Screening in LigandScout 9.2 Preparing a Pharmacophore for Virtual Screening with External Applications 10. LigandScout Settings: Preferences 10.1 Structure-Based Modeling Settings 10.2 Ligand-Based Modeling Settings 10.3 Chemistry Settings 10.4 Library Screening Settings 10.5 Alignment Settings 10.6 Rendering Settings 10.7 Program and Network Settings A. Appendix A.1 LigandScout Menu Reference A.2 LigandScout Icons Reference A.3 LigandScout Keyboard Shortcuts A.4 LigandScout Mouse Bindings A.5 Network Administrator Guide A.6 Command Line Usage A.7 Scoring Function A.8 Calculation of MMFF94 Binding Enthalpies A.9 Primary Literature Index	Table of Contents 1. Help Overview 2. Introduction to LigandScout What's New in LigandScout 3? Installing and Starting LigandScout Visual Semantics LigandScout Graphical User Interface 3. File Handling, Data Management and Networking Importing and Exporting Files Retrieving PDB Complexes Online Local and Shared Repository Sessions Networking 4. LigandScout Perspectives Basic User Interface Modules Structure-Based Modeling Perspective Ligand-Based Modeling Perspective Alignment Perspective Screening Perspective 5. Introduction to Pharmacophore Modeling Pharmacophore Modeling Pharmacophore Feature Definitions Editing a Pharmacophore Model 6. Structure-Based Pharmacophore Design Structure-Based Pharmacophores Creating Structure-Based Pharmacophores 7. Pharmacophore Alignment Aligning Pharmacophores and Molecules Shared Feature Pharmacophore Merged Feature Pharmacophore 8. Ligand-Based Pharmacophore Design Ligand-Based Pharmacophores Creating Ligand-Based Pharmacophores 9. Virtual Screening Virtual Screening in LigandScout Preparing a Pharmacophore for Virtual Screening with External Applications 10. LigandScout Settings: Preferences Structure-Based Modeling Settings Ligand-Based Modeling Settings Chemistry Settings Library Screening Settings Alignment Settings Rendering Settings Program and Network Settings A. Appendix LigandScout Menu Reference LigandScout Icons Reference LigandScout Keyboard Shortcuts LigandScout Mouse Bindings Network Administrator Guide Command Line Usage Scoring Function Calculation of MMFF94 Binding Enthalpies Primary Literature Index
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Page designed & authored by G. Wolber

Inte:Ligand: Your partner for in-silico drug discovery

Start Science & Technology Products & Services Company Career Contact

« LigandScout 3.1 Overview

1. Help Overview

2. Introduction to LigandScout

2.1 What's New in LigandScout 3?
2.2 Installing and Starting LigandScout
2.3 Visual Semantics
2.4 LigandScout Graphical User Interface

3. File Handling, Data Management and Networking

3.1 Importing and Exporting Files
3.2 Retrieving PDB Complexes Online
3.3 Local and Shared Repository
3.4 Sessions
3.5 Networking

4. LigandScout Perspectives

4.1 Basic User Interface Modules
4.2 Structure-Based Modeling Perspective
4.3 Ligand-Based Modeling Perspective
4.4 Alignment Perspective
4.5 Screening Perspective

5. Introduction to Pharmacophore Modeling

5.1 Pharmacophore Modeling
5.2 Pharmacophore Feature Definitions
5.3 Editing a Pharmacophore Model

6. Structure-Based Pharmacophore Design

6.1 Structure-Based Pharmacophores
6.2 Creating Structure-Based Pharmacophores

7. Pharmacophore Alignment

7.1 Aligning Pharmacophores and Molecules
7.2 Shared Feature Pharmacophore
7.3 Merged Feature Pharmacophore

8. Ligand-Based Pharmacophore Design

8.1 Ligand-Based Pharmacophores
8.2 Creating Ligand-Based Pharmacophores

9. Virtual Screening

9.1 Virtual Screening in LigandScout
9.2 Preparing a Pharmacophore for Virtual Screening with External Applications

10. LigandScout Settings: Preferences

10.1 Structure-Based Modeling Settings
10.2 Ligand-Based Modeling Settings
10.3 Chemistry Settings
10.4 Library Screening Settings
10.5 Alignment Settings
10.6 Rendering Settings
10.7 Program and Network Settings

A. Appendix

A.1 LigandScout Menu Reference
A.2 LigandScout Icons Reference
A.3 LigandScout Keyboard Shortcuts
A.4 LigandScout Mouse Bindings
A.5 Network Administrator Guide
A.6 Command Line Usage
A.7 Scoring Function
A.8 Calculation of MMFF94 Binding Enthalpies
A.9 Primary Literature

Index

Structure-Based Pharmacophores

Why Use Structure-Based Pharmacophores?

Pharmacophores represent chemical functions, valid not only for the currently bound, but also unknown molecules. Due to its simplicity, this method is computationally very efficient and is subsequently exceptionally well suited for virtual screening of large compound libraries. Pharmacophore modeling is universal, comprehensive and editable: Selectivity-tuning by adding or omitting feature constraints provides a plenitude of manipulation options.

The following figures show the active site of CDK2 with ligand LS2 (PDB 1KE6) and the respective pharmacophore model generated by LigandScout. The program automatically searches for interactions between ligands and the macromolecule.

Figure 6.1. Ligand LS2 of PDB entry 1KE6 in the active site

Figure 6.2. Structure-based pharmacophore model generated by LigandScout

In this example, LigandScout suggests an eight feature pharmacophore model consisting of three hydrophobic features (yellow spheres), two hydrogen bond donor features (green vectors) and three hydrogen bond acceptors (red vectors). This pharmacophore model represents a highly potent filter for in-silico screening of new CDK2 ligands.

Basic Workflow

The basic workflow for structure-based pharmacophore model generation based on PDB complexes consists of three main steps:

Extraction, identification, and interpretation of the ligand (hybridization states, bonds)
Deduction of the pharmacophore
Visualization, user interaction, and export for virtual screening

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Chapter 6. Structure-Based Pharmacophore Design	Home	Creating Structure-Based Pharmacophores

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Page designed & authored by G. Wolber

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